Bible Heaven/Bible Heaven.iso/eastons/t0001950

Text File | 1993-10-09 | 19KB | 492 lines

$$T0001950
\Jagur\
place of sojourn, a city on the southern border of Judah (Josh.
15:21).

$$T0001951
\Jah\
a contraction for Jehovah (Ps. 68:4).

$$T0001952
\Jahath\
union. (1.) A son of Shimei, and grandson of Gershom (1 Chr.
23:10).

  (2.) One of the sons of Shelomoth, of the family of Kohath (1
Chr. 24:22).

  (3.) A Levite of the family of Merari, one of the overseers of
the repairs of the temple under Josiah (2 Chr. 34:12).

$$T0001953
\Jahaz\
trodden down (called also Jahaza, Josh. 13:18; Jahazah, 21:36;
Jahzah, 1 Chr. 6:78), a town where Sihon was defeated, in the
borders of Moab and in the land of the Ammonites beyond Jordan,
and north of the river Arnon (Num. 21:23; Deut. 2:32). It was
situated in the tribe of Reuben, and was assigned to the
Merarite Levites (Josh. 13:18; 21:36). Here was fought the
decisive battle in which Sihon (q.v.) was completely routed, and
his territory (the modern Belka) came into the possession of
Israel. This town is mentioned in the denunciations of the
prophets against Moab (Isa. 15:4; Jer. 48:34).

$$T0001954
\Jahaziel\
beheld by God. (1.) The third son of Hebron (1 Chr. 23:19).

  (2.) A Benjamite chief who joined David at Ziklag (1 Chr.
12:4).

  (3.) A priest who accompanied the removal of the ark to
Jerusalem (1 Chr. 16:6).

  (4.) The son of Zechariah, a Levite of the family of Asaph (2
Chr. 20:14-17). He encouraged Jehoshaphat against the Moabites
and Ammonites.

$$T0001955
\Jahdai\
grasper, a descendant of Caleb, of the family of Hezron (1 Chr.
2:47).

$$T0001956
\Jahzeel\
allotted by God, the first of the sons of Naphtali (Gen. 46:24).

$$T0001957
\Jahzerah\
returner, the son of Meshullam, and father of Adiel (1 Chr.
9:12).

$$T0001958
\Jailer\
(of Philippi), Acts 16:23. The conversion of the Roman jailer, a
man belonging to a class "insensible as a rule and hardened by
habit, and also disposed to despise the Jews, who were the
bearers of the message of the gospel," is one of those cases
which illustrate its universality and power.

$$T0001959
\Jair\
enlightener. (1.) The son of Segub. He was brought up with his
mother in Gilead, where he had possessions (1 Chr. 2:22). He
distinguished himself in an expedition against Bashan, and
settled in the part of Argob on the borders of Gilead. The small
towns taken by him there are called Havoth-jair, i.e., "Jair's
villages" (Num. 32:41; Deut. 3:14; Josh. 13:30).

  (2.) The eighth judge of Israel, which he ruled for twenty-two
years. His opulence is described in Judg. 10:3-5. He had thirty
sons, each riding on "ass colts." They had possession of thirty
of the sixty cities (1 Kings 4:13; 1 Chr. 2:23) which formed the
ancient Havoth-jair.

  (3.) A Benjamite, the father of Mordecai, Esther's uncle
(Esther 2:5).

  (4.) The father of Elhanan, who slew Lahmi, the brother of
Goliath (1 Chr. 20:5).

$$T0001960
\Jairus\
a ruler of the synagogue at Capernaum, whose only daughter Jesus
restored to life (Mark 5:22; Luke 8:41). Entering into the
chamber of death, accompanied by Peter and James and John and
the father and mother of the maiden, he went forward to the bed
whereon the corpse lay, and said, Talitha cumi, i.e., "Maid,
arise," and immediately the spirit of the maiden came to her
again, and she arose straightway; and "at once to strengthen
that life which had come back to her, and to prove that she was
indeed no ghost, but had returned to the realities of a mortal
existence, he commanded to give her something to eat" (Mark
5:43).

$$T0001961
\Jakeh\
pious, the father of Agur (Prov. 30:1). Nothing is known of him.

$$T0001962
\Jakim\
establisher. (1.) Chief of the twelfth priestly order (1 Chr.
24:12).

  (2.) A Benjamite (1 Chr. 8:19).

  (3.) Margin in Matt. 1:11 means Jehoiakim.

$$T0001963
\Jalon\
lodger, the last of the four sons of Ezra, of the tribe of Judah
(1 Chr. 4:17).

$$T0001964
\Jambres\
one of those who opposed Moses in Egypt (2 Tim. 3:8). (See
JANNES »T0001967.)

$$T0001965
\James\
(1.) The son of Zebedee and Salome; an elder brother of John the
apostle. He was one of the twelve. He was by trade a fisherman,
in partnership with Peter (Matt. 20:20; 27:56). With John and
Peter he was present at the transfiguration (Matt. 17:1; Mark
9:2), at the raising of Jairus's daughter (Mark 5:37-43), and in
the garden with our Lord (14:33). Because, probably, of their
boldness and energy, he and John were called Boanerges, i.e.,
"sons of thunder." He was the first martyr among the apostles,
having been beheaded by King Herod Agrippa (Acts 12:1, 2), A.D.
44. (Comp. Matt. 4:21; 20:20-23).

  (2.) The son of Alphaeus, or Cleopas, "the brother" or near
kinsman or cousin of our Lord (Gal. 1:18, 19), called James "the
Less," or "the Little," probably because he was of low stature.
He is mentioned along with the other apostles (Matt. 10:3; Mark
3:18; Luke 6:15). He had a separate interview with our Lord
after his resurrection (1 Cor. 15:7), and is mentioned as one of
the apostles of the circumcision (Acts 1:13). He appears to have
occupied the position of head of the Church at Jerusalem, where
he presided at the council held to consider the case of the
Gentiles (Acts 12:17; 15:13-29: 21:18-24). This James was the
author of the epistle which bears his name.

$$T0001966
\James, Epistle of\
(1.) Author of, was James the Less, the Lord's brother, one of
the twelve apostles. He was one of the three pillars of the
Church (Gal. 2:9).

  (2.) It was addressed to the Jews of the dispersion, "the
twelve tribes scattered abroad."

  (3.) The place and time of the writing of the epistle were
Jerusalem, where James was residing, and, from internal
evidence, the period between Paul's two imprisonments at Rome,
probably about A.D. 62.

  (4.) The object of the writer was to enforce the practical
duties of the Christian life. "The Jewish vices against which he
warns them are, formalism, which made the service of God consist
in washings and outward ceremonies, whereas he reminds them
(1:27) that it consists rather in active love and purity;
fanaticism, which, under the cloak of religious zeal, was
tearing Jerusalem in pieces (1:20); fatalism, which threw its
sins on God (1:13); meanness, which crouched before the rich
(2:2); falsehood, which had made words and oaths play-things
(3:2-12); partisanship (3:14); evil speaking (4:11); boasting
(4:16); oppression (5:4). The great lesson which he teaches them
as Christians is patience, patience in trial (1:2), patience in
good works (1:22-25), patience under provocation (3:17),
patience under oppression (5:7), patience under persecution
(5:10); and the ground of their patience is that the coming of
the Lord draweth nigh, which is to right all wrong (5:8)."

  "Justification by works," which James contends for, is
justification before man, the justification of our profession of
faith by a consistent life. Paul contends for the doctrine of
"justification by faith;" but that is justification before God,
a being regarded and accepted as just by virtue of the
righteousness of Christ, which is received by faith.

$$T0001967
\Jannes\
one of the Egyptians who "withstood Moses" (2 Tim. 3:8).

$$T0001968
\Janoah\
or Jano'hah, rest. (1.) A town on the north-eastern border of
Ephraim, in the Jordan valley (Josh. 16:6, 7). Identified with
the modern Yanun, 8 miles south-east of Nablus.

  (2.) A town of Northern Palestine, within the boundaries of
Naphtali. It was taken by the king of Assyria (2 Kings 15:29).

$$T0001969
\Janum\
slumber, a town in the mountains of Judah (Josh. 15:53).

$$T0001970
\Japheth\
wide spreading: "God shall enlarge Japheth" (Heb. Yaphat Elohim
le-Yephet, Gen. 9:27. Some, however, derive the name from
_yaphah_, "to be beautiful;" hence white), one of the sons of
Noah, mentioned last in order (Gen. 5:32; 6:10; 7:13), perhaps
first by birth (10:21; comp. 9:24). He and his wife were two of
the eight saved in the ark (1 Pet. 3:20). He was the progenitor
of many tribes inhabiting the east of Europe and the north of
Asia (Gen. 10:2-5). An act of filial piety (9:20-27) was the
occasion of Noah's prophecy of the extension of his posterity.

  After the Flood the earth was re-peopled by the descendants of
Noah, "the sons of Japheth" (Gen. 10:2), "the sons of Ham" (6),
and "the sons of Shem" (22). It is important to notice that
modern ethnological science, reasoning from a careful analysis
of facts, has arrived at the conclusion that there is a
three-fold division of the human family, corresponding in a
remarkable way with the great ethnological chapter of the book
of Genesis (10). The three great races thus distinguished are
called the Semitic, Aryan, and Turanian (Allophylian). "Setting
aside the cases where the ethnic names employed are of doubtful
application, it cannot reasonably be questioned that the author
[of Gen. 10] has in his account of the sons of Japheth classed
together the Cymry or Celts (Gomer), the Medes (Madai), and the
Ionians or Greeks (Javan), thereby anticipating what has become
known in modern times as the 'Indo-European Theory,' or the
essential unity of the Aryan (Asiatic) race with the principal
races of Europe, indicated by the Celts and the Ionians. Nor can
it be doubted that he has thrown together under the one head of
'children of Shem' the Assyrians (Asshur), the Syrians (Aram),
the Hebrews (Eber), and the Joktanian Arabs (Joktan), four of
the principal races which modern ethnology recognizes under the
heading of 'Semitic.' Again, under the heading of 'sons of Ham,'
the author has arranged 'Cush', i.e., the Ethiopians; 'Mizraim,'
the people of Egypt; 'Sheba and Dedan,' or certain of the
Southern Arabs; and 'Nimrod,' or the ancient people of Babylon,
four races between which the latest linguistic researches have
established a close affinity" (Rawlinson's Hist. Illustrations).

$$T0001971
\Japhia\
splendid. (1.) The king of Lachish, who joined in the
confederacy against Joshua (Josh. 10:3), and was defeated and
slain. In one of the Amarna tablets he speaks of himself as king
of Gezer. Called also Horam (Josh. 10:33).

  (2.) One of the sons of David (2 Sam. 5:15), born in
Jerusalem.

  (3.) A town in the southern boundary of Zebulum (Josh. 19:12);
now Yafa, 2 miles south-west of Nazareth.

$$T0001972
\Japho\
beauty, a sea-port in Dan (Josh. 19:46); called Joppa (q.v.) in
2 Chr. 2:16; Ezra 3:7; Jonah 1:3; and in New Testament.

$$T0001973
\Jared\
descent. (1.) The fourth antediluvian patriarch in descent from
Seth (Gen. 5:15-20; Luke 3:37), the father of Enoch; called
Jered in 1 Chr. 1:2.

  (2.) A son of Ezra probably (1 Chr. 4:18).

$$T0001974
\Jarib\
an adversary. (1.) A son of Simeon (1 Chr. 4:24).

  (2.) One of the chiefs sent by Ezra to bring up the priests to
Jerusalem (Ezra 8:16).

  (3.) Ezra 10:18.

$$T0001975
\Jarmuth\
height. (1.) A town in the plain of Judah (Josh. 15:35),
originally the residence of one of the Canaanitish kings (10:3,
5, 23). It has been identified with the modern Yarmuk, a village
about 7 miles north-east of Beit-Jibrin.

  (2.) A Levitical city of the tribe of Issachar (Josh. 21:29),
supposed by some to be the Ramah of Samuel (1 Sam. 19:22).

$$T0001976
\Jashen\
sleeping, called also Hashem (1 Chr. 11:34); a person, several
of whose sons were in David's body-guard (2 Sam. 23:32).

$$T0001977
\Jasher\
upright. "The Book of Jasher," rendered in the LXX. "the Book of
the Upright One," by the Vulgate "the Book of Just Ones," was
probably a kind of national sacred song-book, a collection of
songs in praise of the heroes of Israel, a "book of golden
deeds," a national anthology. We have only two specimens from
the book, (1) the words of Joshua which he spake to the Lord at
the crisis of the battle of Beth-horon (Josh. 10:12, 13); and
(2) "the Song of the Bow," that beautiful and touching mournful
elegy which David composed on the occasion of the death of Saul
and Jonathan (2 Sam. 1:18-27).

$$T0001978
\Jashobeam\
dweller among the people; or to whom the people turn, the
Hachmonite (1 Chr. 11:11), one of David's chief heroes who
joined him at Ziklag (12:6). He was the first of the three who
broke through the host of the Philistines to fetch water to
David from the well of Bethlehem (2 Sam. 23:13-17). He is also
called Adino the Eznite (8).

$$T0001979
\Jashub\
returner. (1.) The third of Issachar's four sons (1 Chr. 7:1);
called also Job (Gen. 46:13).

  (2.) Ezra 10:29.

$$T0001980
\Jason\
he that will cure, the host of Paul and Silas in Thessalonica.
The Jews assaulted his house in order to seize Paul, but failing
to find him, they dragged Jason before the ruler of the city
(Acts 17:5-9). He was apparently one of the kinsmen of Paul
(Rom. 16:21), and accompanied him from Thessalonica to Corinth.

$$T0001981
\Jasper\
(Heb. yashpheh, "glittering"), a gem of various colours, one of
the twelve inserted in the high priest's breast-plate (Ex.
28:20). It is named in the building of the New Jerusalem (Rev.
21:18, 19). It was "most precious," "clear as crystal" (21:11).
It was emblematic of the glory of God (4:3).

$$T0001982
\Jattir\
pre-eminent, a city in the mountains of Judah (Josh. 15:48;
21:14).

$$T0001983
\Javan\
(1.) The fourth "son" of Japheth (Gen. 10:2), whose descendants
settled in Greece, i.e., Ionia, which bears the name of Javan in
Hebrew. Alexander the Great is called the "king of Javan"
(rendered "Grecia," Dan. 8:21; 10:20; comp. 11:2; Zech. 9:13).
This word was universally used by the nations of the East as the
generic name of the Greek race.

  (2.) A town or district of Arabia Felix, from which the
Syrians obtained iron, cassia, and calamus (Ezek. 27:19).

$$T0001984
\Javelin\
(1.) Heb. hanith, a lance, from its flexibility (1 Sam. 18:10,
11; 19:9, 10; 20:33).

  (2.) Heb. romah, a lance for heavy-armed troops, so called
from its piercing (Num. 25:7). (See ARMS »T0000315.)

$$T0001985
\Jaw-bone\
of an ass afforded Samson a weapon for the great slaughter of
the Philistines (Judg. 15.15), in which he slew a thousand men.
In verse 19 the Authorized Version reads, "God clave a hollow
place that was in the jaw, and there came water thereout." This
is a mis-translation of the words. The rendering should be as in
the Revised Version, "God clave the hollow place that is in
Lehi," etc., Lehi (q.v.) being the name of the hill where this
conflict was waged, possibly so called because it was in shape
like a jaw-bone.

$$T0001986
\Jealousy\
suspicion of a wife's purity, one of the strongest passions
(Num. 5:14; Prov. 6:34; Cant. 8:6); also an intense interest for
another's honour or prosperity (Ps. 79:5; 1 Cor. 10:22; Zech.
1:14).

$$T0001987
\Jealousy, Image of\
an idolatrous object, seen in vision by Ezekiel (Ezek. 8:3, 5),
which stood in the priests' or inner court of the temple.
Probably identical with the statue of Astarte (2 Kings 21:7).

$$T0001988
\Jealousy offering\
the name of the offering the husband was to bring when he
charged his wife with adultery (Num. 5:11-15).

$$T0001989
\Jealousy, Waters of\
water which the suspected wife was required to drink, so that
the result might prove her guilt or innocence (Num. 5:12-17,
27). We have no record of this form of trial having been
actually resorted to.

$$T0001990
\Jearim\
forests, a mountain on the border of Judah (Josh. 15:10).

$$T0001991
\Jebus\
trodden hard, or fastness, or "the waterless hill", the name of
the Canaanitish city which stood on Mount Zion (Josh. 15:8;
18:16, 28). It is identified with Jerusalem (q.v.) in Judg.
19:10, and with the castle or city of David (1 Chr. 11:4,5). It
was a place of great natural strength, and its capture was one
of David's most brilliant achievements (2 Sam. 5:8).

$$T0001992
\Jebusites\
the name of the original inhabitants of Jebus, mentioned
frequently among the seven nations doomed to destruction (Gen.
10:16; 15:21; Ex. 3:8, 17; 13:5, etc.). At the time of the
arrival of the Israelites in Palestine they were ruled by
Adonizedek (Josh. 10:1, 23). They were defeated by Joshua, and
their king was slain; but they were not entirely driven out of
Jebus till the time of David, who made it the capital of his
kingdom instead of Hebron. The site on which the temple was
afterwards built belonged to Araunah, a Jebusite, from whom it
was purchased by David, who refused to accept it as a free gift
(2 Sam. 24:16-25; 1 Chr. 21:24, 25).

$$T0001993
\Jecoliah\
able through Jehovah, the wife of King Amaziah, and mother of
King Uzziah (2 Chr. 26:3).

$$T0001994
\Jedaiah\
(1.) Invoker of Jehovah. The son of Shimri, a chief Simeonite (1
Chr. 4:37).

  (2.) One of those who repaired the walls of Jerusalem after
the return from Babylon (Neh. 3:10).

  (3.) Knowing Jehovah. The chief of one of the courses of the
priests (1 Chr. 24:7).

  (4.) A priest in Jerusalem after the Exile (1 Chr. 9:10).

$$T0001995
\Jediael\
known by God. (1.) One of the sons of Benjamin, whose
descendants numbered 17,200 warriors (1 Chr. 7:6, 10, 11).

  (2.) A Shimrite, one of David's bodyguard (1 Chr. 11:45).
Probably same as in 12:20.

  (3.) A Korhite of the family of Ebiasaph, and one of the
gate-keepers to the temple (1 Chr. 26:2).

$$T0001996
\Jedidiah\
beloved by Jehovah, the name which, by the mouth of Nathan, the
Lord gave to Solomon at his birth as a token of the divine
favour (2 Sam. 12:25).

$$T0001997
\Jeduthun\
lauder; praising, a Levite of the family of Merari, and one of
the three masters of music appointed by David (1 Chr. 16:41, 42;
25:1-6). He is called in 2 Chr. 35:15 "the king's seer." His
descendants are mentioned as singers and players on instruments
(Neh. 11:17). He was probably the same as Ethan (1 Chr. 15:17,
19). In the superscriptions to Ps. 39, 62, and 77, the words
"upon Jeduthun" probably denote a musical instrument; or they
may denote the style or tune invented or introduced by Jeduthun,
or that the psalm was to be sung by his choir.

$$T0001998
\Jegar-sahadutha\
pile of testimony, the Aramaic or Syriac name which Laban gave
to the pile of stones erected as a memorial of the covenant
between him and Jacob (Gen. 31:47), who, however, called it in
Hebrew by an equivalent name, Galeed (q.v.).

$$T0001999
\Jehaleleel\
praiser of God. (1.) A descendant of Judah (1 Chr. 4:16).

  (2.) A Levite of the family of Merari (2 Chr. 29:12).